boccaccio
n . 意大利诗人
义大利诗人
Boccaccio n 1 :
Italian poet (
born in France ) (
1313 -
1375 ) [
synonym :
{
Boccaccio }, {
Giovanni Boccaccio }]
Jack \
Jack \ (
j [
a ^]
k ),
n . [
F .
Jacques James ,
L .
Jacobus ,
Gr . ?,
Heb .
Ya '
aq [=
o ]
b Jacob ;
prop .,
seizing by the heel ;
hence ,
a supplanter .
Cf . {
Jacobite }, {
Jockey }.]
[
1913 Webster ]
1 .
A familiar nickname of ,
or substitute for ,
John .
[
1913 Webster ]
You are John Rugby ,
and you are Jack Rugby . --
Shak .
[
1913 Webster ]
2 .
An impertinent or silly fellow ;
a simpleton ;
a boor ;
a clown ;
also ,
a servant ;
a rustic . "
Jack fool ." --
Chaucer .
[
1913 Webster ]
Since every Jack became a gentleman ,
There '
s many a gentle person made a Jack . --
Shak .
[
1913 Webster ]
3 .
A popular colloquial name for a sailor ; --
called also {
Jack tar },
and {
Jack afloat }.
[
1913 Webster ]
4 .
A mechanical contrivance ,
an auxiliary machine ,
or a subordinate part of a machine ,
rendering convenient service ,
and often supplying the place of a boy or attendant who was commonly called Jack ;
as :
(
a )
A device to pull off boots .
(
b )
A sawhorse or sawbuck .
(
c )
A machine or contrivance for turning a spit ;
a smoke jack ,
or kitchen jack .
(
b ) (
Mining )
A wooden wedge for separating rocks rent by blasting .
(
e ) (
Knitting Machine )
A lever for depressing the sinkers which push the loops down on the needles .
(
f ) (
Warping Machine )
A grating to separate and guide the threads ;
a heck box .
(
g ) (
Spinning )
A machine for twisting the sliver as it leaves the carding machine .
(
h )
A compact ,
portable machine for planing metal .
(
i )
A machine for slicking or pebbling leather .
(
k )
A system of gearing driven by a horse power ,
for multiplying speed .
(
l )
A hood or other device placed over a chimney or vent pipe ,
to prevent a back draught .
(
m )
In the harpsichord ,
an intermediate piece communicating the action of the key to the quill ; --
called also {
hopper }.
(
n )
In hunting ,
the pan or frame holding the fuel of the torch used to attract game at night ;
also ,
the light itself . --
C .
Hallock .
[
1913 Webster ]
5 .
A portable machine variously constructed ,
for exerting great pressure ,
or lifting or moving a heavy body such as an automobile through a small distance .
It consists of a lever ,
screw ,
rack and pinion ,
hydraulic press ,
or any simple combination of mechanical powers ,
working in a compact pedestal or support and operated by a lever ,
crank ,
capstan bar ,
etc .
The name is often given to a jackscrew ,
which is a kind of jack .
[
1913 Webster ]
6 .
The small bowl used as a mark in the game of bowls .
--
Shak .
[
1913 Webster ]
Like an uninstructed bowler who thinks to attain the jack by delivering his bowl straight forward upon it . --
Sir W .
Scott .
[
1913 Webster ]
7 .
The male of certain animals ,
as of the ass .
[
1913 Webster ]
8 . (
Zool .)
(
a )
A young pike ;
a pickerel .
(
b )
The jurel .
(
c )
A large ,
California rock fish ({
Sebastodes paucispinus }); --
called also {
boccaccio },
and {
m ['
e ]
rou }.
(
d )
The wall -
eyed pike .
[
1913 Webster ]
9 .
A drinking measure holding half a pint ;
also ,
one holding a quarter of a pint . [
Prov .
Eng .] --
Halliwell .
[
1913 Webster ]
10 . (
Naut .)
(
a )
A flag ,
containing only the union ,
without the fly ,
usually hoisted on a jack staff at the bowsprit cap ;
--
called also {
union jack }.
The American jack is a small blue flag ,
with a star for each State .
(
b )
A bar of iron athwart ships at a topgallant masthead ,
to support a royal mast ,
and give spread to the royal shrouds ; --
called also {
jack crosstree }. --
R .
H .
Dana ,
Jr .
[
1913 Webster ]
11 .
The knave of a suit of playing cards .
12 . (
pl .)
A game played with small (
metallic ,
with tetrahedrally oriented spikes )
objects (
the jacks (
1950 ),
formerly jackstones )
that are tossed ,
caught ,
picked up ,
and arranged on a horizontal surface in various patterns ;
in the modern American game ,
the movements are accompanied by tossing or bouncing a rubber ball on the horizontal surface supporting the jacks .
same as {
jackstones }.
[
PJC ]
13 .
Money . [
slang ]
[
PJC ]
14 .
Apple jack .
[
PJC ]
15 .
Brandy .
[
PJC ]
Note :
Jack is used adjectively in various senses .
It sometimes designates something cut short or diminished in size ;
as ,
a jack timber ;
a jack rafter ;
a jack arch ,
etc .
[
1913 Webster ]
{
Jack arch },
an arch of the thickness of one brick .
{
Jack back } (
Brewing &
Malt Vinegar Manuf .),
a cistern which receives the wort .
See under 1st {
Back }.
{
Jack block } (
Naut .),
a block fixed in the topgallant or royal rigging ,
used for raising and lowering light masts and spars .
{
Jack boots },
boots reaching above the knee ; --
worn in the 17 century by soldiers ;
afterwards by fishermen ,
etc .
{
Jack crosstree }. (
Naut .)
See 10 ,
b ,
above .
{
Jack curlew } (
Zool .),
the whimbrel .
{
Jack frame }. (
Cotton Spinning )
See 4 (
g ),
above .
{
Jack Frost },
frost or cold weather personified as a mischievous person .
{
Jack hare },
a male hare . --
Cowper .
{
Jack lamp },
a lamp for still hunting and camp use .
See def .
4 (
n .),
above .
{
Jack plane },
a joiner '
s plane used for coarse work .
{
Jack post },
one of the posts which support the crank shaft of a deep -
well -
boring apparatus .
{
Jack pot } (
Poker Playing ),
the name given to the stakes ,
contributions to which are made by each player successively ,
till such a hand is turned as shall take the "
pot ,"
which is the sum total of all the bets .
See also {
jackpot }.
{
Jack rabbit } (
Zool .),
any one of several species of large American hares ,
having very large ears and long legs .
The California species ({
Lepus Californicus }),
and that of Texas and New Mexico ({
Lepus callotis }),
have the tail black above ,
and the ears black at the tip .
They do not become white in winter .
The more northern prairie hare ({
Lepus campestris })
has the upper side of the tail white ,
and in winter its fur becomes nearly white .
{
Jack rafter } (
Arch .),
in England ,
one of the shorter rafters used in constructing a hip or valley roof ;
in the United States ,
any secondary roof timber ,
as the common rafters resting on purlins in a trussed roof ;
also ,
one of the pieces simulating extended rafters ,
used under the eaves in some styles of building .
{
Jack salmon } (
Zool .),
the wall -
eyed pike ,
or glasseye .
{
Jack sauce },
an impudent fellow . [
Colloq . &
Obs .]
{
Jack shaft } (
Mach .),
the first intermediate shaft ,
in a factory or mill ,
which receives power ,
through belts or gearing ,
from a prime mover ,
and transmits it ,
by the same means ,
to other intermediate shafts or to a line shaft .
{
Jack sinker } (
Knitting Mach .),
a thin iron plate operated by the jack to depress the loop of thread between two needles .
{
Jack snipe }. (
Zool .)
See in the Vocabulary .
{
Jack staff } (
Naut .),
a staff fixed on the bowsprit cap ,
upon which the jack is hoisted .
{
Jack timber } (
Arch .),
any timber ,
as a rafter ,
rib ,
or studding ,
which ,
being intercepted ,
is shorter than the others .
{
Jack towel },
a towel hung on a roller for common use .
{
Jack truss } (
Arch .),
in a hip roof ,
a minor truss used where the roof has not its full section .
{
Jack tree }. (
Bot .)
See 1st {
Jack },
n .
{
Jack yard } (
Naut .),
a short spar to extend a topsail beyond the gaff .
[
1913 Webster ]
{
Blue jack },
blue vitriol ;
sulphate of copper .
{
Hydraulic jack },
a jack used for lifting ,
pulling ,
or forcing ,
consisting of a compact portable hydrostatic press ,
with its pump and a reservoir containing a supply of liquid ,
as oil .
{
Jack -
at -
a -
pinch }.
(
a )
One called upon to take the place of another in an emergency .
(
b )
An itinerant parson who conducts an occasional service for a fee .
{
Jack -
at -
all -
trades },
one who can turn his hand to any kind of work .
{
Jack -
by -
the -
hedge } (
Bot .),
a plant of the genus {
Erysimum }
({
Erysimum alliaria },
or {
Alliaria officinalis }),
which grows under hedges .
It bears a white flower and has a taste not unlike garlic .
Called also ,
in England ,
{
sauce -
alone }. --
Eng .
Cyc .
{
Jack -
in -
office },
an insolent fellow in authority . --
Wolcott .
{
Jack -
in -
the -
bush } (
Bot .),
a tropical shrub with red fruit ({
Cordia Cylindrostachya }).
{
Jack -
in -
the -
green },
a chimney sweep inclosed in a framework of boughs ,
carried in Mayday processions .
{
Jack -
of -
the -
buttery } (
Bot .),
the stonecrop ({
Sedum acre }).
{
Jack -
of -
the -
clock },
a figure ,
usually of a man ,
on old clocks ,
which struck the time on the bell .
{
Jack -
on -
both -
sides },
one who is or tries to be neutral .
{
Jack -
out -
of -
office },
one who has been in office and is turned out . --
Shak .
{
Jack the Giant Killer },
the hero of a well -
known nursery story .
{
Yellow Jack } (
Naut .),
the yellow fever ;
also ,
the quarantine flag .
See {
Yellow flag },
under {
Flag }.
[
1913 Webster ]
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