running 音标拼音: [r'ʌnɪŋ]
n . 赛跑,流出,运转
a . 流动的,跑着的,连续的
赛跑,流出,运转流动的,跑着的,连续的
running 运转时间
running 运行
running adj 1 : (
of fluids )
moving or issuing in a stream ; "
as mountain stream with freely running water "; "
hovels without running water " [
ant : {
standing (
a )}]
2 :
continually repeated over a period of time ; "
a running joke among us "
3 :
of advancing the ball by running ; "
the team '
s running plays worked better than its pass plays " [
ant : {
pass (
a )},
{
passing (
a )}]
4 :
executed or initiated by running ; "
running plays worked better than pass plays "; "
took a running jump "; "
a running start " [
ant : {
standing (
a )}]
5 :
measured lengthwise ; "
cost of lumber per running foot " [
synonym :
{
linear }, {
running (
a )}]
6 : (
of e .
g .
a machine )
performing or capable of performing ; "
in running (
or working )
order "; "
a functional set of brakes "
[
synonym : {
running (
a )}, {
operative }, {
functional }, {
working (
a )}]
n 1 : (
American football )
a play in which a player attempts to carry the ball through or past the opposing team ; "
the defensive line braced to stop the run "; "
the coach put great emphasis on running " [
synonym : {
run }, {
running }, {
running play }, {
running game }]
2 :
the act of running ;
traveling on foot at a fast pace ; "
he broke into a run "; "
his daily run keeps him fit " [
synonym : {
run },
{
running }]
3 :
the state of being in operation ; "
the engine is running smoothly "
4 :
the act of administering or being in charge of something ; "
he has responsibility for the running of two companies at the same time "
5 :
the act of participating in an athletic competition involving running on a track [
synonym : {
track }, {
running }]
Run \
Run \ (
r [
u ^]
n ),
v .
i . [
imp . {
Ran } (
r [
a ^]
n )
or {
Run };
p .
p .
{
Run };
p .
pr . &
vb .
n . {
Running }.] [
OE .
rinnen ,
rennen (
imp .
ran ,
p .
p .
runnen ,
ronnen ).
AS .
rinnan to flow (
imp .
ran ,
p .
p .
gerunnen ),
and iernan ,
irnan ,
to run (
imp .
orn ,
arn ,
earn ,
p .
p .
urnen );
akin to D .
runnen ,
rennen ,
OS . &
OHG .
rinnan ,
G .
rinnen ,
rennen ,
Icel .
renna ,
rinna ,
Sw .
rinna ,
r [
aum ]
nna ,
Dan .
rinde ,
rende ,
Goth .
rinnan ,
and perh .
to L .
oriri to rise ,
Gr . '
orny `
nai to stir up ,
rouse ,
Skr . [.
r ] (
cf .
{
Origin }),
or perh .
to L .
rivus brook (
cf . {
Rival }).
[
root ]
11 .
Cf . {
Ember },
a ., {
Rennet }.]
1 .
To move ,
proceed ,
advance ,
pass ,
go ,
come ,
etc .,
swiftly ,
smoothly ,
or with quick action ; --
said of things animate or inanimate .
Hence ,
to flow ,
glide ,
or roll onward ,
as a stream ,
a snake ,
a wagon ,
etc .;
to move by quicker action than in walking ,
as a person ,
a horse ,
a dog .
Specifically :
[
1913 Webster ]
2 .
Of voluntary or personal action :
(
a )
To go swiftly ;
to pass at a swift pace ;
to hasten .
[
1913 Webster ]
"
Ha ,
ha ,
the fox !"
and after him they ran .
--
Chaucer .
[
1913 Webster ]
(
b )
To flee ,
as from fear or danger .
[
1913 Webster ]
As from a bear a man would run for life . --
Shak .
[
1913 Webster ]
(
c )
To steal off ;
to depart secretly .
[
1913 Webster ]
(
d )
To contend in a race ;
hence ,
to enter into a contest ;
to become a candidate ;
as ,
to run for Congress .
[
1913 Webster ]
Know ye not that they which run in a race run all ,
but one receiveth the prize ?
So run ,
that ye may obtain . --
1 Cor .
ix .
24 .
[
1913 Webster ]
(
e )
To pass from one state or condition to another ;
to come into a certain condition ; --
often with in or into ;
as ,
to run into evil practices ;
to run in debt .
[
1913 Webster ]
Have I not cause to rave and beat my breast ,
to rend my heart with grief and run distracted ?
--
Addison .
[
1913 Webster ]
(
f )
To exert continuous activity ;
to proceed ;
as ,
to run through life ;
to run in a circle .
(
g )
To pass or go quickly in thought or conversation ;
as ,
to run from one subject to another .
[
1913 Webster ]
Virgil ,
in his first Georgic ,
has run into a set of precepts foreign to his subject . --
Addison .
[
1913 Webster ]
(
h )
To discuss ;
to continue to think or speak about something ; --
with on .
(
i )
To make numerous drafts or demands for payment ,
as upon a bank ; --
with on .
(
j )
To creep ,
as serpents .
[
1913 Webster ]
3 .
Of involuntary motion :
(
a )
To flow ,
as a liquid ;
to ascend or descend ;
to course ;
as ,
rivers run to the sea ;
sap runs up in the spring ;
her blood ran cold .
(
b )
To proceed along a surface ;
to extend ;
to spread .
[
1913 Webster ]
The fire ran along upon the ground . --
Ex .
ix .
23 .
[
1913 Webster ]
(
c )
To become fluid ;
to melt ;
to fuse .
[
1913 Webster ]
As wax dissolves ,
as ice begins to run .
--
Addison .
[
1913 Webster ]
Sussex iron ores run freely in the fire .
--
Woodward .
[
1913 Webster ]
(
d )
To turn ,
as a wheel ;
to revolve on an axis or pivot ;
as ,
a wheel runs swiftly round .
(
e )
To travel ;
to make progress ;
to be moved by mechanical means ;
to go ;
as ,
the steamboat runs regularly to Albany ;
the train runs to Chicago .
(
f )
To extend ;
to reach ;
as ,
the road runs from Philadelphia to New York ;
the memory of man runneth not to the contrary .
[
1913 Webster ]
She saw with joy the line immortal run ,
Each sire impressed ,
and glaring in his son .
--
Pope .
[
1913 Webster ]
(
g )
To go back and forth from place to place ;
to ply ;
as ,
the stage runs between the hotel and the station .
(
h )
To make progress ;
to proceed ;
to pass .
[
1913 Webster ]
As fast as our time runs ,
we should be very glad in most part of our lives that it ran much faster . --
Addison .
[
1913 Webster ]
(
i )
To continue in operation ;
to be kept in action or motion ;
as ,
this engine runs night and day ;
the mill runs six days in the week .
[
1913 Webster ]
When we desire anything ,
our minds run wholly on the good circumstances of it ;
when it is obtained ,
our minds run wholly on the bad ones .
--
Swift .
[
1913 Webster ]
(
j )
To have a course or direction ;
as ,
a line runs east and west .
[
1913 Webster ]
Where the generally allowed practice runs counter to it . --
Locke .
[
1913 Webster ]
Little is the wisdom ,
where the flight So runs against all reason . --
Shak .
[
1913 Webster ]
(
k )
To be in form thus ,
as a combination of words .
[
1913 Webster ]
The king '
s ordinary style runneth , "
Our sovereign lord the king ." --
Bp .
Sanderson .
[
1913 Webster ]
(
l )
To be popularly known ;
to be generally received .
[
1913 Webster ]
Men gave them their own names ,
by which they run a great while in Rome . --
Sir W .
Temple .
[
1913 Webster ]
Neither was he ignorant what report ran of himself . --
Knolles .
[
1913 Webster ]
(
m )
To have growth or development ;
as ,
boys and girls run up rapidly .
[
1913 Webster ]
If the richness of the ground cause turnips to run to leaves . --
Mortimer .
[
1913 Webster ]
(
n )
To tend ,
as to an effect or consequence ;
to incline .
[
1913 Webster ]
A man '
s nature runs either to herbs or weeds .
--
Bacon .
[
1913 Webster ]
Temperate climates run into moderate governments . --
Swift .
[
1913 Webster ]
(
o )
To spread and blend together ;
to unite ;
as ,
colors run in washing .
[
1913 Webster ]
In the middle of a rainbow the colors are . . .
distinguished ,
but near the borders they run into one another . --
I .
Watts .
[
1913 Webster ]
(
p )
To have a legal course ;
to be attached ;
to continue in force ,
effect ,
or operation ;
to follow ;
to go in company ;
as ,
certain covenants run with the land .
[
1913 Webster ]
Customs run only upon our goods imported or exported ,
and that but once for all ;
whereas interest runs as well upon our ships as goods ,
and must be yearly paid . --
Sir J .
Child .
[
1913 Webster ]
(
q )
To continue without falling due ;
to hold good ;
as ,
a note has thirty days to run .
(
r )
To discharge pus or other matter ;
as ,
an ulcer runs .
(
s )
To be played on the stage a number of successive days or nights ;
as ,
the piece ran for six months .
(
t ) (
Naut .)
To sail before the wind ,
in distinction from reaching or sailing closehauled ; --
said of vessels .
[
1913 Webster ]
4 .
Specifically ,
of a horse :
To move rapidly in a gait in which each leg acts in turn as a propeller and a supporter ,
and in which for an instant all the limbs are gathered in the air under the body . --
Stillman (
The Horse in Motion ).
[
1913 Webster ]
5 . (
Athletics )
To move rapidly by springing steps so that there is an instant in each step when neither foot touches the ground ; --
so distinguished from walking in athletic competition .
[
1913 Webster ]
{
As things run },
according to the usual order ,
conditions ,
quality ,
etc .;
on the average ;
without selection or specification .
{
To let run } (
Naut .),
to allow to pass or move freely ;
to slacken or loosen .
{
To run after },
to pursue or follow ;
to search for ;
to endeavor to find or obtain ;
as ,
to run after similes .
--
Locke .
{
To run away },
to flee ;
to escape ;
to elope ;
to run without control or guidance .
{
To run away with }.
(
a )
To convey away hurriedly ;
to accompany in escape or elopement .
(
b )
To drag rapidly and with violence ;
as ,
a horse runs away with a carriage .
{
To run down }.
(
a )
To cease to work or operate on account of the exhaustion of the motive power ; --
said of clocks ,
watches ,
etc .
(
b )
To decline in condition ;
as ,
to run down in health .
{
To run down a coast },
to sail along it .
{
To run for an office },
to stand as a candidate for an office .
{
To run in }
or {
To run into }.
(
a )
To enter ;
to step in .
(
b )
To come in collision with .
{
To run into }
To meet ,
by chance ;
as ,
I ran into my brother at the grocery store .
{
To run in trust },
to run in debt ;
to get credit . [
Obs .]
{
To run in with }.
(
a )
To close ;
to comply ;
to agree with . [
R .] --
T .
Baker .
(
b ) (
Naut .)
To make toward ;
to near ;
to sail close to ;
as ,
to run in with the land .
{
To run mad }, {
To run mad after }
or {
To run mad on }.
See under {
Mad }.
{
To run on }.
(
a )
To be continued ;
as ,
their accounts had run on for a year or two without a settlement .
(
b )
To talk incessantly .
(
c )
To continue a course .
(
d )
To press with jokes or ridicule ;
to abuse with sarcasm ;
to bear hard on .
(
e ) (
Print .)
To be continued in the same lines ,
without making a break or beginning a new paragraph .
{
To run out }.
(
a )
To come to an end ;
to expire ;
as ,
the lease runs out at Michaelmas .
(
b )
To extend ;
to spread . "
Insectile animals . . .
run all out into legs ." --
Hammond .
(
c )
To expatiate ;
as ,
to run out into beautiful digressions .
(
d )
To be wasted or exhausted ;
to become poor ;
to become extinct ;
as ,
an estate managed without economy will soon run out .
[
1913 Webster ]
And had her stock been less ,
no doubt She must have long ago run out . --
Dryden .
[
1913 Webster ]
{
To run over }.
(
a )
To overflow ;
as ,
a cup runs over ,
or the liquor runs over .
(
b )
To go over ,
examine ,
or rehearse cursorily .
(
c )
To ride or drive over ;
as ,
to run over a child .
{
To run riot },
to go to excess .
{
To run through }.
(
a )
To go through hastily ;
as to run through a book .
(
b )
To spend wastefully ;
as ,
to run through an estate .
{
To run to seed },
to expend or exhaust vitality in producing seed ,
as a plant ;
figuratively and colloquially ,
to cease growing ;
to lose vital force ,
as the body or mind .
{
To run up },
to rise ;
to swell ;
to grow ;
to increase ;
as ,
accounts of goods credited run up very fast .
[
1913 Webster ]
But these ,
having been untrimmed for many years ,
had run up into great bushes ,
or rather dwarf trees .
--
Sir W .
Scott .
[
1913 Webster ]
{
To run with }.
(
a )
To be drenched with ,
so that streams flow ;
as ,
the streets ran with blood .
(
b )
To flow while charged with some foreign substance .
"
Its rivers ran with gold ." --
J .
H .
Newman .
[
1913 Webster ]
Running \
Run "
ning \,
a .
1 .
Moving or advancing by running .
Specifically ,
of a horse :
(
a )
Having a running gait ;
not a trotter or pacer .
(
b )
trained and kept for running races ;
as ,
a running horse . --
Law .
[
1913 Webster ]
2 .
Successive ;
one following the other without break or intervention ; --
said of periods of time ;
as ,
to be away two days running ;
to sow land two years running .
[
1913 Webster ]
3 .
Flowing ;
easy ;
cursive ;
as ,
a running hand .
[
1913 Webster ]
4 .
Continuous ;
keeping along step by step ;
as ,
he stated the facts with a running explanation . "
A running conquest ."
--
Milton .
[
1913 Webster ]
What are art and science if not a running commentary on Nature ? --
Hare .
[
1913 Webster ]
5 . (
Bot .)
Extending by a slender climbing or trailing stem ;
as ,
a running vine .
[
1913 Webster ]
6 . (
Med .)
Discharging pus ;
as ,
a running sore .
[
1913 Webster ]
{
Running block } (
Mech .),
a block in an arrangement of pulleys which rises or sinks with the weight which is raised or lowered .
{
Running board },
a narrow platform extending along the side of a locomotive .
[
1913 Webster ]
Running \
Run "
ning \,
n .
The act of one who ,
or of that which runs ;
as ,
the running was slow .
[
1913 Webster ]
2 .
That which runs or flows ;
the quantity of a liquid which flows in a certain time or during a certain operation ;
as ,
the first running of a still .
[
1913 Webster ]
3 .
The discharge from an ulcer or other sore .
[
1913 Webster ]
{
At long running },
in the long run . [
Obs .] --
Jer .
Taylor .
[
1913 Webster ]
374 Moby Thesaurus words for "
running ":
acting ,
action ,
active ,
activity ,
actual ,
actuation ,
affluent ,
agency ,
agile ,
alive ,
articulated ,
as is ,
ascending ,
at work ,
authority ,
autograph ,
autographic ,
average ,
axial ,
back ,
back -
flowing ,
backward ,
being ,
besetting ,
breakneck ,
calligraphic ,
candidacy ,
candidature ,
care ,
catenated ,
ceaseless ,
charge ,
chirographic ,
colliquation ,
command ,
common ,
competition ,
concatenated ,
conduct ,
confluent ,
connected ,
consecutively ,
constant ,
contemporaneous ,
contemporary ,
contest ,
continual ,
continually ,
continued ,
continuing ,
continuous ,
continuously ,
control ,
coursing ,
current ,
cursive ,
cyclical ,
dashing ,
decoagulation ,
decurrent ,
defluent ,
deliquescence ,
deliquium ,
descending ,
diffluent ,
direct ,
direction ,
dissolution ,
dissolving ,
dominant ,
double -
quick ,
down -
trending ,
downward ,
drifting ,
driving ,
dynamic ,
dynamics ,
eagle -
winged ,
effortless ,
endless ,
engrossed ,
epidemic ,
event ,
execution ,
exercise ,
existent ,
existing ,
expeditious ,
express ,
extant ,
fast ,
featureless ,
festering ,
fleet ,
flowing ,
fluent ,
fluidification ,
fluidization ,
fluxional ,
fluxive ,
flying ,
fresh ,
functional ,
functioning ,
fusibility ,
fusing ,
fusion ,
galloping ,
game ,
gapless ,
gleet ,
going ,
going on ,
governance ,
government ,
graphic ,
graphoanalytic ,
graphologic ,
graphometric ,
guidance ,
gulfy ,
gushing ,
gyrational ,
gyratory ,
hair -
trigger ,
hand running ,
handling ,
hasty ,
headlong ,
holograph ,
holographic ,
husbandry ,
hustling ,
ichor ,
immanent ,
immediate ,
in Indian file ,
in a chain ,
in a line ,
in a row ,
in a series ,
in column ,
in exercise ,
in file ,
in force ,
in hand ,
in longhand ,
in operation ,
in play ,
in practice ,
in process ,
in shorthand ,
in single file ,
in succession ,
in the works ,
in turn ,
in writing ,
inaction ,
incessant ,
inscribed ,
instant ,
intendance ,
interminable ,
italic ,
italicized ,
joined ,
jointless ,
kinematics ,
kinesipathy ,
kinesis ,
kinesitherapy ,
kinetics ,
latest ,
leaching ,
lead ,
leading ,
leukorrhea ,
light of heel ,
light -
footed ,
linked ,
liquation ,
liquefaction ,
liquescence ,
liquescency ,
live ,
lively ,
lixiviation ,
longhand ,
management ,
managery ,
managing ,
manipulation ,
manuscript ,
match ,
matter ,
mattering ,
mazy ,
meandering ,
meet ,
melting ,
mercurial ,
mobilization ,
modern ,
monotonous ,
motion ,
motivation ,
mounting ,
move ,
movement ,
moving ,
never -
ending ,
new ,
night and day ,
nimble ,
nimble -
footed ,
nonstop ,
normal ,
occupation ,
on foot ,
on paper ,
on the fire ,
ongoing ,
operancy ,
operating ,
operation ,
operational ,
operative ,
ordering ,
ordinary ,
pandemic ,
passing ,
peccant humor ,
penciled ,
penned ,
percolation ,
perennial ,
performance ,
performing ,
periodic ,
perpetual ,
pilotage ,
plunging ,
popular ,
pouring ,
practice ,
precipitate ,
predominant ,
predominating ,
present ,
present -
age ,
present -
day ,
present -
time ,
prevailing ,
prevalent ,
printed ,
profluent ,
progressive ,
progressively ,
prompt ,
purulence ,
pus ,
quick ,
quick as lightning ,
quick as thought ,
race ,
racing ,
rampant ,
rankling ,
rapid ,
reckless ,
recurrent ,
reflowing ,
refluent ,
regnant ,
regressive ,
regulation ,
reigning ,
repetitive ,
responsibility ,
restlessness ,
retrogressive ,
rife ,
rising ,
rotary ,
rotational ,
rotatory ,
round -
the -
clock ,
routine ,
ruling ,
running for office ,
rushing ,
sanies ,
scriptorial ,
scriptural ,
seamless ,
sequentially ,
serially ,
seriatim ,
serpentine ,
serried ,
shorthand ,
sideward ,
sinking ,
sluggish ,
smooth ,
snappy ,
soaring ,
solubilization ,
solution ,
spanking ,
speedy ,
stable ,
standard ,
standing ,
standing for office ,
steady ,
steerage ,
steering ,
step by step ,
stereotyped ,
stir ,
stirring ,
straight ,
streaming ,
stylographic ,
successively ,
superintendence ,
superintendency ,
supervision ,
suppuration ,
surging ,
surgy ,
sustained ,
swift ,
that be ,
that is ,
thaw ,
thawing ,
the conn ,
the helm ,
the wheel ,
thermoplasticity ,
tidal ,
topical ,
tournament ,
turn about ,
twenty -
four -
hour ,
unbroken ,
unceasing ,
unclotting ,
undifferentiated ,
unending ,
uniform ,
unintermitted ,
unintermittent ,
unintermitting ,
uninterrupted ,
uninterruptedly ,
unrelieved ,
unremitting ,
unrest ,
unstopped ,
up -
to -
date ,
up -
to -
the -
minute ,
up -
trending ,
upward ,
usual ,
velocity ,
vortical ,
winged ,
work ,
working ,
workings ,
written
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