英文字典中文字典


英文字典中文字典51ZiDian.com



中文字典辞典   英文字典 a   b   c   d   e   f   g   h   i   j   k   l   m   n   o   p   q   r   s   t   u   v   w   x   y   z       







请输入英文单字，中文词皆可：

Smalltalk    音标拼音: [sm'ɔlt,ɔk]
The pioneering {object-oriented programming} system
developed in 1972 by the Software Concepts Group, led by {Alan
Kay}, at {Xerox PARC} between 1971 and 1983. It includes a
language, a programming environment, and an extensive object
library.

Smalltalk took the concepts of {class} and {message} from
{Simula-67} and made them all-pervasive. Innovations included
the {bitmap display}, windowing system, and use of a {mouse}.

The {syntax} is very simple. The fundamental construction is
to send a message to an {object}:

object message

or with extra parameters

object message: param1 secondArg: param2 .. nthArg: paramN

where "secondArg:" etc. are considered to be part of the
message name.

Five pseudo-variables are defined: "self", "super", "nil",
"true", "false". "self" is the receiver of the current
message. "super" is used to delegate processing of a message
to the {superclass} of the receiver. "nil" is a reference to
"nothing" (an instance of UndefinedObject). All variables
initially contain a reference to nil. "true" and "false" are
{Booleans}.

In Smalltalk, any message can be sent to any object. The
recipient object itself decides (based on the message name,
also called the "message selector") how to respond to the
message. Because of that, the {multiple inheritance} system
included in the early versions of Smalltalk-80 appeared to be
unused in practice. All modern implementations have single
inheritance, so each class can have at most one superclass.

Early implementations were {interpreted} but all modern ones
use {dynamic translation} (JIT).

Early versions were Smalltalk-72, Smalltalk-74, Smalltalk-76
(inheritance taken from Simula, and concurrency), and
Smalltalk-78, {Smalltalk-80}. Other versions include {Little
Smalltalk}, {Smalltalk/V}, {Kamin's interpreters}. Current
versions are {VisualWorks}, {Squeak}, {VisualAge}, {Dolphin
Smalltalk}, {Object Studio}, {GNU Smalltalk}.

See also: {International Smalltalk Association}.

{UIUC Smalltalk archive (http://st-www.cs.uiuc.edu/)}.
{FAQ (http://XCF.Berkeley.EDU/pub/misc/smalltalk/FAQ/)}.

{Usenet} newsgroup: {news:comp.lang.smalltalk}.

["The Smalltalk-76 Programming System Design and
Implementation", D.H. Ingalls, 5th POPL, ACM 1978, pp. 9-16].

(2001-09-11)


请选择你想看的字典辞典：
单词字典翻译
smalltalk查看　smalltalk　在百度字典中的解释百度英翻中〔查看〕
smalltalk查看　smalltalk　在Google字典中的解释Google英翻中〔查看〕
smalltalk查看　smalltalk　在Yahoo字典中的解释Yahoo英翻中〔查看〕

安装中文字典英文字典查询工具!


中文字典英文字典工具:
选择颜色:
输入中英文单字

































































英文字典中文字典相关资料:


  • What is so special about Smalltalk? [closed] - Stack Overflow
    Using Smalltalk as a prototyping tool is where my interest lies: I think that given a new problem, different approaches to solving it can be tried and validated very quickly and easily in a Smalltalk environment, and once the desired solution is found it should be relatively mechanical to convert it to Java C++ C# etc etc
  • What is the correct way to define and call functions in GNU Smalltalk . . .
    When trying to learn smalltalk, use a smalltalk environment Don't use a command line interface, don't use an on-line web tool Both are very useful, but not to learn smalltalk They don't provide the feedback you need to learn smalltalk good and fast If it doesn't allow you to write most of your code in the debugger, you won't learn smalltalk
  • smalltalk - How to read write objects to a file? - Stack Overflow
    I also went through a lot of sites with broken links etc, but I don't seem to be able to find a way to write to a file in smalltalk I tried this (and other things, but they come down to the same): out := 'newFile' asFileName writeStream d associationsDo: [ :assoc | out nextPutAll: assoc key asString; nextPut: $, ; nextPutAll: assoc value
  • Why use Ruby instead of Smalltalk? - Stack Overflow
    Smalltalk: people forwards ifTrue: [think] ifFalse: [not thinking] Ruby: people think forwards unless thinking backwards 1) Smalltalk's RPN-like control flow by messages is like Lisp - it's regular and cool but weirds people out 2) Ruby lets people write code using the idiomatic way people speak - do blah unless there's a reason not to
  • What are the key differences between OO in Smalltalk and Java?
    A key difference between Java and Smalltalk is that Smalltalk has first-class class (no pun intended) A class in Smalltalk is an object The closest thing to static method and variable is then class-side method and variable, as mentioned by Frank Shearer
  • Whats so special about message passing in Smalltalk?
    In Smalltalk, you compile a new method by sending a message to a Compiler In Smalltalk, a Debugger is opened in response to an unhandled exception by sending a message All the exception handling is implemented in term of sending messages In Smalltalk you can query the methods of a Class, or gather all its instances by sending messages
  • What is exactly Smalltalk language used for? - Stack Overflow
    Everything Smalltalk is Turing-complete and "Tetris-complete" It can be used for anything and everything any other language can be used for Things that have been built in Smalltalk: Operating Systems; VMs (including Smalltalk VMs) Compilers (including Smalltalk compilers) Smalltalk IDEs (in fact, Smalltalk invented the concept of the IDE
  • Smalltalk: Writing output to a file - Stack Overflow
    smalltalk inspect - output to transcript or file 0 Trying to write to a text file from Verilog but the
  • smalltalk - Check if an object is an instance of a given class or of a . . .
    I agree with Igor Moreover, "nicest and most elegant" is in the eye of the beholder What isInteger and friends do is definitely faster as they are a single message send that immediately returns true false versus isKindOf: which has to loop up the class hierarchy
  • smalltalk - How to get all items in from of Text from Ordered . . .
    Smalltalk, displaying OrderedCollection to List Widget 5 What is the most elegant way to select the





中文字典-英文字典  2005-2009