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obdurately    
ad. 顽固地;冷酷地

顽固地;冷酷地

obdurately
adv 1: in a stubborn unregenerate manner; "she remained
stubbornly in the same position" [synonym: {stubbornly},
{pig-headedly}, {obdurately}, {mulishly}, {obstinately},
{cussedly}]

Obdurate \Ob"du*rate\, a. [L. obduratus, p. p. of obdurare to
harden; ob (see Ob-) durare to harden, durus hard. See
{Dure}.]
1. Hardened in feelings, esp. against moral or mollifying
influences; unyielding; hard-hearted; stubbornly wicked.
[1913 Webster]

The very custom of evil makes the heart obdurate
against whatsoever instructions to the contrary.
--Hooker.
[1913 Webster]

Art thou obdurate, flinty, hard as steel,
Nay, more than flint, for stone at rain relenteth?
--Shak.
[1913 Webster]

2. Hard; harsh; rugged; rough; intractable. "Obdurate
consonants." --Swift.
[1913 Webster]

Note: Sometimes accented on the second syllable, especially
by the older poets.
[1913 Webster]

There is no flesh in man's obdurate heart.
--Cowper.
[1913 Webster]

Syn: Hard; firm; unbending; inflexible; unyielding; stubborn;
obstinate; impenitent; callous; unfeeling; insensible;
unsusceptible.

Usage: {Obdurate}, {Callous}, {Hardened}. Callous denotes a
deadening of the sensibilities; as, a callous
conscience. Hardened implies a general and settled
disregard for the claims of interest, duty, and
sympathy; as, hardened in vice. Obdurate implies an
active resistance of the heart and will aganst the
pleadings of compassion and humanity.
[1913 Webster] -- {Ob"du*rate*ly}, adv. --
{Ob"du*rate*ness}, n.
[1913 Webster]

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  • Orange wine - Wikipedia
    Orange wine, also known as skin-contact white wine, skin-fermented white wine, or amber wine, [1] is a type of wine made from white wine grapes where the grape skins are not removed but stay in contact with the juice for days or even months, as is more typical with red wines [2]
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    Orange wine, also known as skin-contact white wine, skin-fermented white wine, or amber wine, [1] is a type of wine made from white wine grapes where the grape skins are not removed but stay in contact with the juice for days or even months, as is more typical with red wines
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    By leveraging “skin-contact” with white wines, producers are able to extract additional color, tannins and flavor that would not normally be present
  • In Search of Biological Activity of Orange Wines: Polyphenolic . . . - MDPI
    Orange wines are made from white grape varieties through prolonged contact of the skin and seeds in the fermentation process, which is actually a technique for producing red wines
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    Whether you call them amber, orange or the VQA’s technical “skin-fermented white wines,” they happen when winemakers make white wines like reds, crushing and fermenting the grapes on their skins
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