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doping    
n. 搀杂

搀杂

doping
掺杂


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  • Doping in sport - Wikipedia
    In competitive sports, doping is the use of banned athletic performance-enhancing drugs (PEDs) by athletes, as a way of cheating As stated in the World Anti-Doping Code by WADA, doping is defined as the occurrence of one or more of the anti-doping rule violations outlined in Article 2 1 through Article 2 11 of the Code [1]
  • Doping | Description, Forms, Regulation, Athletes Caught | Britannica
    Doping is the use of substances or techniques to illegally improve human performance and, more specifically, to gain a competitive advantage in athletic events
  • Doping in sport: What is it and how is it being tackled? - BBC
    What is doping? Doping means athletes taking illegal substances to improve their performances There are five classes of banned drugs, the most common of which are stimulants and hormones
  • Home | U. S. Anti-Doping Agency (USADA)
    USADA has tools and tips to help athletes at all levels navigate their anti-doping rights and responsibilities
  • What is doping? And which performance-enhancing drugs are banned . . .
    Major sporting events like the Olympic Games always raise the topic of "doping" — the use of banned substances capable of boosting athletic performance
  • Doping In Sports: History, Types Techniques of Doping, Development of . . .
    The Anti-doping Convention of the European Council defined doping as “Doping in sports” explains the administration or use of doping substances or doping methods by athletes
  • What is Doping? - wbsc. org
    Doping is not just a positive test showing the presence of a prohibited substance in an athlete’s urine sample Doping is defined as the occurrence of one or more of the following 11 Anti-Doping Rule Violations (ADRVs):
  • Raising the game for clean sport | World Anti Doping Agency
    WADA’s primary role is to develop, harmonize and coordinate anti-doping rules and policies across all sports and countries Our key activities include scientific and social science research; education; intelligence investigations; development of anti-doping capacity; and monitoring of compliance with the World Anti-Doping Program
  • Drug abuse in athletes - PMC
    This review examines the history of doping in athletes, the effects of different classes of substances used for doping, side effects of doping, the role of anti-doping organizations, and treatment of affected athletes Doping goes back to ancient times, prior to the development of organized sports
  • What is Doping? - IESF
    It provides factual information about anti-doping (Ethical Reasons not to Dope, Medical Reasons not to Dope, the Doping Control Process, Rights and Responsibilities, TUEs, Whereabouts) and values based activities





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