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  • APPENDIX V – GENERAL ELECTRIC’S SETBACK CONSIDERATIONS FOR WIND TURBINE . . .
    During operation, there is the remote possibility of turbine blade failure due to fatigue, severe weather, or other events not related to the turbine itself If one of these events should occur, pieces of the blade may be thrown from the turbine
  • Public Safety and Setbacks - NYSERDA
    During operable wind speeds, and when the turbine has not yet been shut down automatically or manually, ice can break off the blades and be thrown from the turbine The distance a piece of ice travels depends on a number of variables, including
  • Analysis of throw distances of detached objects from horizontal-axis . . .
    For normal tip speeds (figs 4 and 5), the potential blade throw distance for a 2 3-MW turbine was calculated to be ~500 m (1,640 ft) and for a 5-MW turbine ~900 m (2,953 ft) At “extreme” tip speeds (fig 6) the corresponding distances were 800 m (2,625 ft) and 1500 m (4,921 ft)
  • For those of you who don’t want to slog through the mathematics . . .
    the bottom line is that ice, debris or anything breaking off the wind turbine blades (including the blades themselves) can impact a point almost 1700 feet away from the base of the turbine… what we know: radius of blade: over 100 feet rotational speed: up to 1 revolution every 3 seconds (or about 20 rev min) preliminary results:
  • Permitting Setbacks for Wind Turbines and the Blade Throw Hazard
    Due to the visibility of wind energy and its community impact, planning commissions in the state have developed setback standards to reduce the hazard of blade failures resulting in projectiles These standards are usually based on overall turbine height
  • Calculating Wind Turbine Setbacks With Science Instead of Politics
    The full research article explains exactly how to calculate throw distances based on the operational specifications of specific wind turbine models In all cases in the article, even with the smallest 660 KW turbine, the throw distance was far greater than the 1000 foot 1 75 times turbine height setback from a property line called for in the
  • APPENDIX L BLADE THROW ASSESSMENT
    Blade throw describes an incident in which a structural failure occurring in the blade of a wind turbine during operation results in parts of the blade detaching and being thrown into the surrounding area
  • Wind Setbacks: Safety First (unless you’re a wind developer)
    Simple math describing motion shows that ice or debris from a 100-foot long blade can be thrown nearly 1700 feet from the base of the turbine [2] Turbine manufacture, Vestas, has reported debris from its V90 turbine being thrown 1,600 feet
  • RISK ANALYSIS OF ICE THROW FROM WIND TURBINES
    Observations show that the ice fragments don’t hit the ground as long slender parts but break off immediately after detaching from the blade into small fragments For the worst case scenario several assumptions can be made in order to reduce the extent of calculations
  • Numerical Modelling of Wind Turbine Blade Throw
    Under Variant 1, 99th percentile throw distances were found to be between 155 and 198m for a full blade, and 312 and 1462m for a 10% blade fragment, depending upon the level of drag assumed Variant 2 predicted similar throws of 159 to 203m for a full blade, and 329 to 1395m for a fragment





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