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  • List of caliphs - Wikipedia
    [1] [2] Caliphs (also known as 'Khalifas') led the Muslim Ummah as political successors to the Islamic prophet Muhammad, [3] and widely recognised caliphates have existed in various forms for most of Islamic history
  • Islamic Caliphates - World History Encyclopedia
    Caliphs were initially the sole sovereigns of the empire left behind by Prophet Muhammad and added vast territories of surrounding rival empires to it They were initially selected by a group of senior members of a primitive parliament who kept in mind the will of the people
  • Who Were the Caliphs? - ThoughtCo
    Who Were the Caliphs? - ThoughtCo
  • Who Were The 4 Righteous Caliphs? - About Islam
    You know that the four righteous caliphs were not only the imams (guides and leaders) and rulers of the Muslims, immediately following Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him), but also they were among the closest of the prophet’s companions who understood the real spirit of Islam
  • The Islamic Caliphate: The Early Muslim World | TimeMaps
    The first four caliphs are known to Islamic history as the “rightly guided caliphs” They were all closely related to Muhammad, and were known for their personal qualities of leadership and of Muslim piety
  • Caliph - Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
    Caliphs were often also called Amīr al-Mu'minīn (أمير المؤمنين), leader of the Muslims This title has since been shortened to "emir" It is also found as a personal name in some countries
  • The 10 Questions You Need Answers to About the Caliphate
    Who were the first caliphs? According to the Sunni it is the rashidun or the “rightly guided ones ” These are Abu Bakr, 'Umar, Uthman, and 'Ali
  • Name Of 4 Caliphs In Islam Their Sayings - islamicinform. com
    The Four Caliphs were the first Islamic leaders who followed the Prophet Muhammad (S A W ) They are frequently referred to as “Rashidun,” which means “rightly guided” caliphs since they all learned Islam straight from Hazrat Muhammad (S A W )
  • Caliphate - Wikipedia
    In areas which were previously under Sasanian Empire or Byzantine rule, the caliphs lowered taxes, provided greater local autonomy (to their delegated governors), greater religious freedom for Jews and some indigenous Christians, and brought peace to peoples demoralised and disaffected by the casualties and heavy taxation that resulted from the





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